Quick Notes - Computer Knowledge

Quick Notes - Computer Knowledge

Here we are presenting to you all the "Quick Notes on Computer", which can be expected in the ongoing IBPS Clerk 2014 Exam. Practise well!!

DATA REPRESENTATION - 

 

Memory Units:

4 bit = 1 nibble

8 bit = 1 byte

1024 B = 1 KB (Kilo Byte)

1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte)

1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte)

1024 GB = 1 TB (Tera Byte)

1024 TB = 1 PB (Peta Byte)

1024 PB = 1 XB (Exa Byte)

1024 XB = 1 ZB (Zeta Byte)

1024 ZB = 1 YB (Yota Byte)

bit < Byte < KB < MB < GB < TB < PB < XB < ZB < YB

• bit (b)
• Byte (B)

Mbps – mega bits per sec.

MBps – mega Bytes per sec.

• The information you put into the computer is called Data
• Information of a computer is stored as Digital Data
• A number system defines a set of values that is used to represent Quantity
• In which number system, the modern computers are operated?

Binary Number System

• Name the most significant bit, which represent 1 and 0 for a positive number and negative number, respectively.

Sign Bit

• Which coding scheme represents data in a binary form in the computer system? ASCII, EBCDIC and Unicode are the most commonly used codes under this scheme.

Binary Coding Scheme

• EBCDIC is a 8-Bit code with 256 different representations of characters. It is mainly used in mainframe computers.
• EBCDIC stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
• In the Hexadecimal Number System each number represents a power of 16. To represent the decimal numbers, this system uses numbers from 0 to 9 and characters from A to F to represent numbers 10-15, respectively. It is commonly used as a shortcut notation for groups of four binary digits
• BCD is a method that represents the decimal digits with the help of binary digits. It takes advantage that one decimal numeral can be represented by 4-bit pattern. BCD stands for Binary Coded Decimal
• This coding system is used to represent the interval storage area of the computers. In this system, every character is represented by a combination of bits. Binary Coding System
• The Base or Radix of the decimal number system is 10
• The arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) performed on the binary numbers is called Binary Arithmetic
• What is the standard code the computer industry created to represent characters? American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
• ASCII is a code used for standardizing the storage and transfer of information amongst various computing devices.
• It is required for representing more than 64 characters. At present, the mostly used coding systems are ASCII and EBCDIC
• Which code is also known as Reflected Code? Gray Code
• The 7-bit ASCII code is widely used for Two (0 or 1)
• In the binary language, each letter of the alphabet, each number and each special character is made up of a unique combination of Eight Bits.

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

• Which was the first general purpose computer, designed to handle both numeric and textual information? Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) (1951)

First Generation (1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes:

• The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms.
• The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing devices. 
• In first generation of computer, this operating system allowed only one program to run at a time and a number of input jobs are grouped for processing. It is known as Batch Processing.

Second Generation (1956-1963) Transistors:

• Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers.

Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits:

• The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers. Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers.

Fourth Generation (1971-Present) Microprocessors:

• The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
• What in the first generation filled an entire room could now fit in the palm of the hand
• Fourth generation computers also saw the development of GUIs, the mouse and handheld devices

Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond) Artificial Intelligence:

• Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today.
• In 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, and in 1984 Apple introduced the Macintosh.

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Computer Notes For Bank Exams

Computer Notes For Bank Exams

• A collection of 8 bits is called Byte. A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
• The first computer architecture was introduced by John Von Neumann.
• A website containing periodic posts is called Blog.
• Starting up on operating system is called Booting.
• Restarting a computer that is already on, is referred to as Warm Booting.
• A program used to browse the web is called Browser.
• The code for a Web page is written using Hypertext Markup language (HTML).
• A series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it is called a Program.
• The device which is used with a computer to display or store data is called Peripherals.
• The mechanical, magnetic, electronic and electrical components that comprises a computer system such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), monitor, keyboard, etc. is known as Hardware.
• A set of instructions that tells the computer about the tasks to be performed and how these tasks are to performed, is known as Software.
• Executing is the process of carrying out commands.
• The rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and or information is a Window.
• Downloading means to receive data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer.
• Uploading refers to the sending of data from a local system to a remote system such as a server or another client with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred.
• An email attachment is a computer file sent along with an email message. One or more files can be attached to any email message, and be sent along with it to the recipient.
• CC (Carbon Copy) in e – mail indicates those who are to receive a copy of a message addressed primarily to another. The list of CCed recipients is visible to all other recipients of the message.
• An additional BCC (Blind Carbon Copy) field is available for hidden notification; recipients listed in the BCC field receive a copy of the message, but are not shown on any other recipient's copy (including other BCC recipients).
• Disk drive is the part of the computer helps to store information.
• Arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• The most important or powerful computer in a typical network is Network Server.
• The primary purpose of software is to turn data into information.
• A collection of related files is called Record.
• Storage that retains its data after the power is turned off is referred to as Non-Volatile Storage. ROM is an example of this type of storage.
• Virtual memory is memory on the hard disk that the CPU uses as an extended RAM.
• Computers use the Binary Number System to store data and perform calculations.
• When sending an e-mail, the Subject line describe the contents of the message.
• The Operating System tells the computer how to use its components.
• During the cutting and pasting of an item, the part which is cut, is temporarily stored in Clipboard.
• The blinking symbol on the computer screen is called the Cursor.
• Magnetic tape is not practical for applications where data must be quickly recalled because tape is a sequential access medium.
• Information travels between components on the motherboard through Buses.
• A Website Address is a unique name that identifies a specific web site on the web.
• Alt, Ctrl & Shift keys in a keyboard are known as: Modifier keys. 
• Caps lock, Num lock & Scroll lock in a keyboard are known as: Toggle keys.
• F1 to F12 keys in a keyboard are known as: Function keys.
• A person who uses his or her expertise to gain access to other people’s computers to get information illegally or do damage is a Hacker.
• A Computer Virus is a malware program that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive; when this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".
• Antivirus Software is used to scan the hard disk to remove the virus from them.
• The assembly language program is translated into machine code by a separate program known as an Assembler.
• A Backup, or the process of backing up, refers to the copying and archiving of computer data so it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. It contains a copy of every program data and system file on a computer.

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General Awareness Questions - IBPS RRB 14th September 2014 Morning Session

Dear Friends,
Here I am providing you some of the General Awareness questions which were asked in IBPS -RRB Officer Scale - I Exam held in 14th September 2014 of Morning Shift.

General Awareness Questions

1.    Common wealth games in 2018 at: Gold Coast, Australia

2.    In shooting 10m Air Rifle gold medal won by: Abhinav Bindra

3.    Robert Azevedo head of: WTO

4.    K. Sankaranarayanan is the ex-governor of : Maharashtra

5.    Pran kumar Sharma creator of: Chacha Chwoudhry

6.    Top country in milk export: Australia

7.    CSAT stands for: Civil Services Aptitude Test

8.    Agriculture Growth rate in union budget: 4%

9.    Railway Fare increased by: 14.2 %

10.  Kosi river flows from which country to India: Nepal

11.  Aizawl capital of which state: Mizoram

12.   5.5% GDP fy15 by: Icra

13.   _____more IIT’ s in Union Budget: 5

14.  Yuan  is the currency of: China

15.  What is Ebola:  Hemorrhagic fever

16.  World bank poverty line income?

17.  Mundra port in which state: Gujarat

18.  Padma awards are announced on the eve of: Republic Day

19.  Jack Kallis who retired from cricket belongs to which country: South Africa

20.  Indian Prime Minister visited Nepal for how many times?

21.  Control authority of e-riksha: State Govt (Delhi)

22.  Apinder Singh won bronze medal in which game: Triple Jump

23.  Hampi monuments on which river bank: Tungabadra river

24.  Pritzer prize is related to which field: Architect

25.  John Kerry is: US Secretary of State

26.  Pale related to which game: Football

27.  ICAR full form: Indian Council of Agricultural & Research

28.  Manchester United is related to which game: Football

29.  3rd test India v/s England held in which stadium: The Rose Bowl Stadium

30.  Germany currency- Euro

31.  Iron Chanu Sharmila belongs to which state – Manipur

32.  Which state of Highest percentage of Literate- Kerala

33.  Ozone day was observed on- September 16^th

34.  Amount for new smart city in budget -7060 crores

35.  Romancing with life is the autobiography of which actor- Dev Anand

36.  Chhau the folk dance of which state - Orissa

37.  What is the minimum pension - Rs. 1000

38.  Financial inclusion scheme- Jan Dhan Yojana

39.  Railway total employee- 13.1 lakh

40.  Which prize is not given to any player this year- Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Puraskar

41.  Sushil kumar , bajarang related to sport- Wrestling

42.  Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puraskaar- Hanuman Akhara

43.  Information and Broadcasting union minister- Prakash Jawadekar

44.  What is the maximum investment in BSBDA per year:- 1 lakh

45.  Committee on Obsolete Laws is headed by – R. Ramanujam

46.  Recently, Ice Bucket Challenge is more often in news. Why is this being organized? – To donate to people suffering from Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

47.  Next New Coin May Be come by RBI -  Rs 100

48.  Who became the ambassador of turn back crime campaign of Interpol -- Shah Rukh Khan

49.  Name of the traditional tea offered to PM Narendra Modi by Japanese PM –'Chanoyu’

50.  Where Nalanda university is located: Bihar

51.  Capital of Ireland – Dublin

52.  Currency of Germany – Euro

53.  Supreme court order on shifting of lions from Gir national park to: Madhya Pradesh

54.  US security advisors landed at Mount Sinjar in which country: Iraq

55.  Mullaperiyar dam in Kerala is in which district: Idukki

56.  Piyush Goyal ministry: Ministry of Power

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Computer Knowledge - Quick Notes For Bank Exams

Dear Friends,
Here I am presenting you some quick notes on Computer which hopefully will be helpful in the upcoming SBI Clerk Exam.

• A collection of 8 bits is called Byte. A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
• The first computer architecture was introduced by John Von Neumann.
• A website containing periodic posts is called Blog.
• Starting up on operating system is called Booting.
• Restarting a computer that is already on, is referred to as Warm Booting.
• A program used to browse the web is called Browser.
• The code for a Web page is written using Hypertext Markup language (HTML).
• A series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it is called a Program.
• The device which is used with a computer to display or store data is called Peripherals.
• The mechanical, magnetic, electronic and electrical components that comprises a computer system such as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), monitor, keyboard, etc. is known as Hardware.
• A set of instructions that tells the computer about the tasks to be performed and how these tasks are to performed, is known as Software.
• Executing is the process of carrying out commands.
• The rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and or information is a Window.
• Downloading means to receive data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer.
• Uploading refers to the sending of data from a local system to a remote system such as a server or another client with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred.
• An email attachment is a computer file sent along with an email message. One or more files can be attached to any email message, and be sent along with it to the recipient.
• CC (Carbon Copy) in e – mail indicates those who are to receive a copy of a message addressed primarily to another. The list of CCed recipients is visible to all other recipients of the message.
• An additional BCC (Blind Carbon Copy) field is available for hidden notification; recipients listed in the BCC field receive a copy of the message, but are not shown on any other recipient's copy (including other BCC recipients).
• Disk drive is the part of the computer helps to store information.
• Arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• The most important or powerful computer in a typical network is Network Server.
• The primary purpose of software is to turn data into information.
• A collection of related files is called Record.
• Storage that retains its data after the power is turned off is referred to as Non-Volatile Storage. ROM is an example of this type of storage.
• Virtual memory is memory on the hard disk that the CPU uses as an extended RAM.
• Computers use the Binary Number System to store data and perform calculations.
• When sending an e-mail, the Subject line describe the contents of the message.
• The Operating System tells the computer how to use its components.
• During the cutting and pasting of an item, the part which is cut, is temporarily stored in Clipboard.
• The blinking symbol on the computer screen is called the Cursor.
• Magnetic tape is not practical for applications where data must be quickly recalled because tape is a sequential access medium.
• Information travels between components on the motherboard through Buses.
• A Website Address is a unique name that identifies a specific web site on the web.
• Alt, Ctrl & Shift keys in a keyboard are known as: Modifier keys.
• Caps lock, Num lock & Scroll lock in a keyboard are known as: Toggle keys.
• F1 to F12 keys in a keyboard are known as: Function keys.
• A person who uses his or her expertise to gain access to other people’s computers to get information illegally or do damage is a Hacker.
• A Computer Virus is a malware program that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive; when this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".
• Antivirus Software is used to scan the hard disk to remove the virus from them.
• The assembly language program is translated into machine code by a separate program known as an Assembler.
• A Backup, or the process of backing up, refers to the copying and archiving of computer data so it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. It contains a copy of every program data and system file on a computer.

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